ABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio cuasi-experimental, prospectivo de corte transversal, con el objetivo de implementar una intervención educativa sobre asma bronquial en padres de niños asmáticos del consultorio 23 de Enero, municipio Pedro María Freites estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela, en el período entre mayo a diciembre de 2016. El universo lo constituyeron todos los casos con diagnóstico de asma bronquial en edades de 2 a 6 años. La muestra se seleccionó por un representante del niño que cumpliera los criterios de selección y quedó representada por 46 padres previo consentimiento informado, se aplicó una encuesta antes y después de la intervención. En los resultados prevaleció el nivel de severidad moderada persistente y el sexo femenino más afectado. El nivel de conocimiento sobre el cuidado del niño ante el síntoma fue inadecuado, tenían conocimientos adecuados sobre la conducta a seguir ante la crisis, sobre tratamiento y estilos de vida saludables fue inadecuado. Estos mejoraron favorablemente después de la intervención educativa(AU)
A prospective, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out with the objective of implementing an educational intervention. Bronchial Asthma in Parents of Asthmatic Children of the Clinic January 23, Pedro María Freites Municipality of Anzoategui, Venezuela, from May to December of 2016. The universe was constituted by all the cases with diagnosis of Bronchial Asthma in ages of 2 to 6 years. The sample was selected by a representative of the child who met the selection criteria and was represented by 46 parents with prior consent and applied a pre- and post-intervention survey. In the results, the level of persistent moderate severity and the most affected female gender prevailed. The level of knowledge about the child's care of the symptom was inadequate, had adequate knowledge about the behavior to follow the crisis and about healthy treatments and lifestyles was inadequate. These improved favorably after the educational intervention(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Asthma/prevention & control , Fathers/education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Controlled Before-After StudiesABSTRACT
As transformaçoÌes sociais teÌm suscitado a reflexaÌo sobre o papel paterno e apontado para novas paternidades, caracterizadas pelo envolvimento mais efetivo do pai no cotidiano familiar e nos cuidados com a criança. A presente revisaÌo integrativa de pesquisas qualitativas teve como objetivo sintetizar as evidencias da literatura sobre a experieÌncia paterna ao longo do primeiro ano de vida da(o) filha(o), com atençaÌo aÌs questoÌes de geÌnero. Vinte e treÌs artigos integram este estudo. Observou-se que os pais vivenciaram interaçoÌes positivas com seus bebeÌs e, ainda, almejaram mais tempo e espaço para se dedicarem aÌ famiÌlia. No entanto, a desigualdade entre os geÌneros, a contiÌnua exigeÌncia da provisaÌo financeira do lar e sua inaptidaÌo para o momento da amamentaçaÌo impediram que houvesse maior envolvimento paterno. Concluiu-se que o movimento das novas paternidades faz-se presente na viveÌncia do pai e as tendeÌncias contemporaÌneas de geÌnero saÌo desafios no apoio aÌ parentalidade.
Social transformations have raised reflection about the paternal role and pointed to new fatherhoods, characterized by more effective involvement of the father in the family routine and in childcare. The present integrative review of qualitative studies aimed to synthetize the literature evidence about fatherhood experience throughout the first year of the child's life, attentive to gender questions. Twenty three studies integrated this review. It was observed that fathers had positive experience with their babies and, still, craved for more time and space to dedicate to the family. However, inequality between genders, continuous requirement of financial provision at home and their inaptitude for breastfeeding moment impeded more paternal involvement. We concluded that new fatherhoods movement is present in the father experience and contemporary gender tendencies are challenges for parenting support.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Fathers/education , Gender Identity , Men's Health , Parent-Child Relations , Parenting , Pediatric NursingABSTRACT
Background: In Chile, overweight and obesity are pressing issues in public health. Aim: To identify individual, social and environmental factors that affect the likelihood of adolescents to become overweight or obese. Material and Methods: We used physical condition data of a sample of 900 urban eighth grade students from Santiago, obtained in the 2011 National Study of Physical Education. This information was complemented with georeferenced data from the place of residence of students and the environment in which they live. We used three logistic regression models to estimate the relationship between individual, social and environmental factors and the likelihood of being overweight or obese. Results: Men and students of high socioeconomic status (SES) have a lower probability of being overweight (-6 percentage points (pp.) and -12 pp. respectively). Furthermore, the determinants that affect overweight depend on SES. Namely, only men of middle and low SES have a lower probability of being overweight (-7 pp.). Participation in school sporting activities reduces the likelihood of being overweight only for students of middle and low SES (-5,5 pp.). For adolescents of high SES, the distance between their school and the nearest fast food restaurant decreases the likelihood of being overweight (-4.7 pp. per km.). Conclusions: The determinants of overweight differ by SES. Public policy design should consider socioeconomic inequalities that characterize the Chilean reality.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Obesity/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Social Class , Social Environment , Chile/epidemiology , Exercise , Fathers/education , Logistic Models , Mothers/education , Residence Characteristics , Socioeconomic Factors , Students/statistics & numerical data , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate factors associated with low consumption of fruits and vegetables among preschoolers from families treated at basic health centers in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Methods: This was a cohort study nested in a randomized field trial. Data collection was performed through structured questionnaires to obtain demographic and dietary data, combined with two 24-hour recalls in the age groups 12–16 months and again at 2–3 years of age. Data on the consumption of one daily serving of fruits (80 g) and vegetables (60 g) were evaluated, as well as consumption of non-recommended foods such as candy, chocolate, and soft drinks. Statistical analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust estimation. Results: A total of 388 children aged 2-3 years were evaluated; of these, 58% and 87.4% did not consume one daily serving of fruits and vegetables, respectively. The following factors were negatively associated with fruit consumption: family income higher than four minimum wages, (p = 0.024), lower paternal educational level (p = 0.03), and lower fruit consumption at 12–16 months (p = 0.002). Factors negatively associated with the consumption of vegetables were low paternal educational level (p = 0.033) and consumption of high-sugar content beverages at 12–16 months (p = 0.014). Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of children who consumed less than one daily serving of fruit and vegetables; early feeding practices, parental education, and family income were associated with this process. .
Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores associados ao baixo consumo de frutas e verduras entre pré-escolares de famílias usuárias da rede básica de saúde de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo de coorte aninhado a ensaio de campo randomizado. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionários estruturados para obtenção de dados dietéticos e sociodemográficos, além de dois recordatórios de 24 horas nas faixas etárias de 12–16 meses e novamente aos 2-3 anos de idade. Foram avaliados os dados de consumo de uma porção diária de frutas (80 g) e verduras (60 g), além de consumo de alimentos não recomendados, como balas, chocolates e refrigerantes. As análises estatísticas foram feitas por regressão de Poisson com estimativa robusta. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 388 crianças de 2-3 anos, destas 58% e 87,4% não consumiram uma porção de frutas e verduras, respectivamente. Os fatores que se mostraram negativamente associados ao consumo de frutas foram: renda familiar superior a 4 salários mínimos, (p = 0,024), menor escolaridade paterna (p = 0,03) e menor consumo de frutas aos 12–16 meses (p = 0,002). Os fatores negativamente associados à ingestão de verduras foram a menor escolaridade paterna (p = 0,033) e consumo de refrigerante aos 12–16 meses (p = 0.014). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo mostraram alta prevalência de crianças que consumiram menos de uma porção de frutas e verduras ao dia e sugerem que práticas alimentares precoces, escolaridade paterna e renda estão associadas a esse processo. .
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Diet/statistics & numerical data , Feeding Behavior , Fruit , Vegetables , Brazil , Candy , Cohort Studies , Fathers/education , Lost to Follow-Up , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Fathers' cooperation has been less taken into account in the process of pregnancy. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of training the fathers regarding attachment skills on maternal-fetal attachment in primigravida women in 2013. This randomized controlled trial was performed on 150 qualified pregnant women's husbands. The intervention group took part in four 90-minute sessions of maternal-fetal attachment training held once a week. On the other hand, the control group received the routine pregnancy care. Both groups completed Spielberger's anxiety scale and Cranley's questionnaire before and after the intervention. Then, the data were analyzed using paired and independent t-test. Besides, P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The intervention group's mean score of attachment was 55.98 +/- 6.99 and 61.90 +/- 5.41 before and after the intervention, respectively. The results of paired t-test revealed a significant difference between the intervention and the control group regarding their mean scores of attachment before and one month after the intervention [P<0.001]. Additionally, the results of independent t-test showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding the five dimensions of the questionnaire, namely interaction with the baby [P<0.001], acceptance of maternal role [P<0.001], differentiation between oneself and the baby [P<0.001], attribution of some features to the baby [P=0.01], and self-devotion [P=0.01]. Training the fathers regarding the attachment behaviors and skills led to an increase in the maternal-fetal attachment scores. Thus, paternal training should be considered in pregnancy care programs
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fathers/education , Parity , Pregnancy , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Breastfeeding is proved to be both important and useful for children, mothers and community. To assess the breastfeeding problems and also mothers' expectations of their husbands, work places and health centers. This was across-sectional study carried out on 288 mothers with a two-year old child in 2004. The data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by K[2] test, statistically. Of a total of 288 mothers, 45.2% were illiterate or poorly literate and only 9% with education at university level. Most mothers [86.1%] were housewives and the rest with a job. Nearly half of the children were exclusively breastfed for six months and in total, 80% with breastfeeding duration of 22-23 months. There was a significant correlation between literacy and the duration of breastfeeding. A negative relationship was shown between breastfeeding duration and having a job. The important causes for terminating breastfeeding were mother's belief towards the sufficiency of breastfeeding [18.9%], lack of milk in mother's breasts [18.9%], and Child's avoidance [17%]. Approximately, 30.3% of mothers were found with no support from their husbands. Full supports by health centers were given only to 39.7% of mothers whereas 57.1% recevied relative supports. There was a positive correlation between the degree of support and the duration of breastfeeding. Among the mothers, 43.6% expected cooperation from their husbands and 68.8% of mothers with a job, insisted on extension of pregnancy leave. Also, 18.2% of mothers expected more proper behavior from the health center personnel. Regarding the data found in present study the most important causes of early breastfeeding termination were mother's mentality, lack of milk, and child's avoidance. It seems that good consultation could provide mothers with increased self-reliance. Additionally, the extension of pregnancy leave and also educating fathers on the quality of support given to mothers are recommended
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Feeding , Mother-Child Relations , Sucking Behavior , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fathers/education , Milk, HumanABSTRACT
A implementação do Método Mãe Canguru (MMC) em uma maternidade pública do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2000-2002, foi investigada com o objetivo de caracterizar os neonatos participantes das etapas intra-hospitalares e analisar as necessidades de cuidados especiais na alta hospitalar e as demandas dos pais para a educação em saúde. Este estudo exploratório-descritivo teve como fonte de dados os prontuários de 116 neonatos. Participaram do MMC neonatos prematuros e de baixo peso (87,9). O tempo de internação variou de 8 a 56 dias nas etapas intra-hospitalares. A amamentação exclusiva atingiu 51,7 na primeira etapa, 93 na segunda e 15,1 na terceira (ambulatório). O menor peso para iniciar a segunda etapa correspondeu a 1.250g e a terceira a 1.800g; 84,9 apresentaram necessidades de cuidados especiais (de desenvolvimento, tecnológico e medicamentoso), os quais apontaram, na terceira etapa, para uma demanda de educação familiar sobre aleitamento materno e cuidados relativos às necessidades da criança...
This study investigated the implementation of the Kangaroo Mother Method (KMM), at a Maternity Center in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil from 2000 to 2002. The aims of this studywere to characterize the neonate participants, and analyze their special healthcare needs and the parentsÆdemands for health education. An exploratory and descriptive study was conducted and the data was gathered from charts of 116 neonates. The results showed that 87.9 were premature with very low birth weight; their length of hospital stay was from 8 to 56 days in neonatal intensive care and kangaroomother unit; 51.7 were breastfeeding in the first stage, 93 in the second, and 15.1 in the third. The smallest weight for initiating the KMM first stage was 1,250g, and in the third one, 1,800 g; 84.9 of them required medication, developmental, technology, and an adaptation of everyday care. Thus, thedemands for developing parentsÆ health education should center on these childrenÆs healthcare needs...
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Postnatal Care , Infant Care , Health Education , Maternal-Child Nursing , Mothers , Fathers/educationABSTRACT
The transition to fatherhood is a period in an individualÆs life that calls upon his/her adaptive capacities. The quality of social support available to parents is an important factor in theiradjustment to their new role. The purpose of this correlative study among 160 first-time fathers and 160 first-time mothers in Quebec, Canada was to determine which sources of support are most valued by mothers and fathers during the post-partum period, the characteristics of this support and to examine the nature of the relationships between perceptions of social support, parenting efficacy and parentalanxiety. Multivariate analyses revealed that, for these parents, social support did not act as a protective factor for perceived parenting efficacy. However, nurses care-giving practices contributed to parentsÆ perceptions of support and to their perceptions of parenting efficacy...
A transição para a paternidade é um momento na vida de um indivíduo que solicita suas capacidades de adaptação. A qualidade do suporte social da qual dispõem os pais é um elemento importante em sua adaptação a seu novo papel. O objetivo deste estudo correlacional, realizado com 160 casais de pais de primeira viagem do Quebec, foi compreender as fontes de apoio promovidas pelos pais e pelas mães, em período pós-natal, suas características, e examinar a natureza das relações entre as percepções de suporte social, a eficácia parental e a ansiedade parental. Análises multivariadas revelaram que o suporte social, para estes pais, não agia como fator de proteção das percepções de eficácia parental. Entretanto, as práticas de auxílio das enfermeiras contribuíam para as percepções de apoio dos pais, assim como para suas percepções da eficácia parental...
Subject(s)
Humans , Social Support , Postnatal Care , Nursing , Fathers/education , Fathers/psychology , Family Health , RoleABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare the paternal rearing behavior and rearing stress level between fathers with a preschooler and fathers with school children so that it can be utilized as a basic source for developing parental rearing education programs. METHODS: A descriptive comparative method was conducted to identify the paternal rearing behavior and paternal rearing stress. Respondents were 361 fathers who had either preschoolers (n=189) or children of elementary age (n=172). RESULTS: Comparing the two group's means, the rearing activity score and rearing stress there were significant differences. In the school children's group's father, 'outdoor activity' and 'guidance on discipline activity' were significantly higher than the other group. In the preschool children's fathers group, 'play interaction activity' was statistically significant higher than the other, and the child-part mean score of paternal rearing stress was significantly higher than the other group. The correlation between paternal rearing behavior and paternal rearing stress, indicates that more paternal rearing behavior means less paternal rearing stress. CONCLUSION: These results of this study will help design more effective rearing programs for fathers that have either preschool children or school children by providing the basic data for paternal rearing behaviors and paternal rearing stress.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Middle Aged , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Child Rearing/ethnology , Father-Child Relations/ethnology , Fathers/education , Gender Identity , Health Services Needs and Demand , Health Surveys , Korea/epidemiology , Nursing Methodology Research , Paternal Behavior/ethnology , Play and Playthings , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Social Support , Stress, Psychological/ethnologyABSTRACT
Socialmente, se ha asignado a la mujer el papel exclusivo en la alimentación infantil; hoy se considera fundamental la presencia del padre en este desarrollo, es por eso que no basta considerarlo como el sustento económico familiar sino que también como agente importante en la vinculación del niño con su medio.El propósito de este estudio es describir al padre como agente de fomento y protección de la lactancia. La muestra consta de 40 padres que trabajan en una industria de alimentos de Santiago. La información fue recolectada durante Noviembre y Diciembre de 1999.La literatura muestra que en general los padres opinan que la LM reafirma el vínculo entre la familia; interfiere con las actividades sexuales en la pareja y que no siempre permite su participación. Los resultados muestran que se trata de un grupo de padres en edad madura (45.5 por ciento), con un nivel educacional que facilita la comprensión de instancias educativas. La mayoría de los padres inició su proceso de vinculación con el hijo antes del nacimiento y se incorpora de manera espontánea en la lactancia. Es tarea de los profesionales de la salud facilitar su inserción al binomio madre-hijo y fortalecer el núcleo familiar
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Breast Feeding/psychology , Health Promotion/methods , Child Development/physiology , Health Education/methods , Nursing/methods , Fathers/education , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeABSTRACT
O presente trabalho trata das opiniöes do pai sobre o aleitamento materno e sua participaçäo neste processo na fase em que a esposa estava amamentando. Teve como propósito a obtençäo de subsídios para a elaboraçäo de programas educativos de incentivo ao aleitamento materno dirigidos ao pai da criança. Foram entrevistados 100 pais de crianças com idade entre um e doze meses que estavam sendo ou haviam sido amamentadas no peito, presentes no Ambulatório de Pediatria da Escola Paulista de Medicina, no município de Säo Paulo, no período de janeiro a março de 1992. O estudo mostrou que os pais reconhecem a importância da amamentaçäo natural, porém precisam ser melhor orientados sobre o tema e incentivados a participar mais ativamente do processo